is the medical term that refers to a low or reduced platelet count. Platelets are cells in the that enable the to clot and prevent the loss of red cells, which carry oxygen through the body. Platelets are lost even in healthy bodies during normal bodily functions, but they are replaced with new platelets produced in the bone marrow. occurs either when platelets are not replaced at the same rate as loss or when abnormal destruction of platelets occurs.

can cause abnormal bleeding, especially from the nose and in the stomach and intestines. Signs of may include nosebleeds, unexplained vaginal bleeding, or vomiting . can be diagnosed through routine work and a complete count, which also measures the levels of red and white cells. In some cases, testing the bone marrow may also be necessary. During a physical examination, the spleen may also be checked for enlargement.

The causes of can include disease, infection, and medication. can originate in the bone marrow, in the stream, or outside of the stream. is most often a result of chemotherapy and radiation, and occasionally affects patients taking heparin. A low platelet count does not necessarily indicate disease and is sometimes secondary to another condition.

When the bone marrow is producing platelets at a normal rate, but platelet counts are low in the stream, this is often the result of an infection that is destroying the platelets faster than they are produced. This condition is known as Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP).

caused by reduced production in the bone marrow is more severe than destruction of platelets as in ITP. However, any signs of , including unexplained bleeding from the nose, gums, or lower legs or the appearance of in vomit or stool should be brought to the attention of a physician. People with are at a high risk of abnormal or severe bleeding, including internal hemorrhaging. Treatment for depends on the cause, but may include steroids or other medication and may require platelet transfusions.

Tags: , ,

Related posts